Three-Tranche Research Approach

Nick Bilton's investigative reporting methodology involves an exhaustive, multi-layered approach to research that creates immersive, novel-like narratives while maintaining factual accuracy.

The Three-Tranche Research Approach

  • Aims to know "literally everything" about the subject
  • Employs researchers (including a former Democratic party opposition researcher)
  • Recently enhanced research capabilities using LLMs to query millions of words of data
  • Organizes research into three main categories:
  1. Personal records and private documents

    • Obtains access to subject's personal digital footprint
    • Analyzes chat logs, often from hidden folders subjects may not know exist
    • Reviews diary entries and personal writings
    • Examines all available primary source materials
  2. Social media and digital timeline

    • Collects all photos, posts, and digital content
    • Organizes everything chronologically with timestamps
    • Creates comprehensive timeline of subject's activities
    • Uses digital breadcrumbs to reconstruct events
  3. Comprehensive interviews

    • Identifies everyone connected to the subject
    • Obtains yearbooks to find elementary/middle/high school connections
    • Interviews neighbors, classmates, and casual acquaintances
    • Visits locations frequented by the subject (coffee shops, etc.)

Immersive research techniques

  • Goes beyond basic fact-gathering to create sensory-rich narratives
  • Physically visits locations where subject has been
    • Sits in the exact spots where photos were taken
    • Experiences the sensory details (smells, sights) to accurately describe them
  • Uses detective-like methods to locate specific places
    • Analyzes timestamps between photos to calculate distances
    • Studies street signs and angles in photos to identify locations
    • Creates radius maps to narrow down possible locations
  • Walks the same streets and visits the same establishments as subjects

Research completion indicator

  • Knows research is complete when he can tell subjects things about themselves they don't know
  • Creates physical boards with color-coded scene cards to organize narrative
  • Only begins writing after exhaustive research is complete